Recovery ⏱ Half-life: Approximately 2 hours, but immunomodulatory effects persist for days due to T-cell programming and cytokine cascade effects.

Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin Alpha-1

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Half-Life
Approximately 2 hours, but immunomodulatory effects persist for days due to T-cell programming and cytokine cascade effects.
Mol. Weight
3108.27 g/mol

What is Thymosin Alpha-1?

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a naturally occurring thymic peptide that plays a central role in immune system regulation. It is one of the most clinically validated peptides in existence, with regulatory approval in over 35 countries.

Research Applications

Immune modulation, viral hepatitis treatment, vaccine adjuvant research, cancer immunotherapy combinations, and immune restoration in immunocompromised models.

Dosage Information (Research Use)

Approved clinical dose: 1.6 mg subcutaneously twice weekly. Research protocols vary from 1-3 mg, 2-3 times per week. Research use only in the US.

Reconstitution & Handling

Standard BAC water reconstitution.

Half-Life & Pharmacokinetics

Approximately 2 hours, but immunomodulatory effects persist for days due to T-cell programming and cytokine cascade effects.

Reported Observations in Literature

Excellent safety profile across decades of clinical use. Injection site reactions are the most commonly reported adverse effect. No significant systemic toxicity documented.

Key Research References

  • Garaci E. “Thymosin alpha1: from bench to bedside.” Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007
  • Romani L, et al. “Thymosin alpha1: an endogenous regulator of inflammation, immunity, and tolerance.” Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012

How Thymosin Alpha-1 Works

Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino acid peptide originally isolated from thymus tissue (Thymosin Fraction 5). It modulates the immune system by enhancing T-cell maturation and function, promoting dendritic cell differentiation, and modulating cytokine production. Acts on toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR9) to activate innate and adaptive immunity. Unique for being immunomodulatory rather than purely immunostimulatory — can normalize both overactive and underactive immune responses.

Research Findings

Approved as Zadaxin in over 35 countries for hepatitis B and C treatment. Studied as an immune adjuvant for vaccines and in cancer immunotherapy combinations. Extensive clinical safety database spanning decades. Also investigated as an adjunct in severe infection settings.

Dosage & Administration

Approved clinical dose: 1.6 mg subcutaneously twice weekly. Research protocols vary from 1-3 mg, 2-3 times per week. Research use only in the US.

Safety & Side Effects

Excellent safety profile across decades of clinical use. Injection site reactions are the most commonly reported adverse effect. No significant systemic toxicity documented.

Important: All safety information is derived from published research, primarily animal studies. No controlled human clinical trial data exists unless explicitly noted. This compound is sold for research purposes only.

Quick Facts

Sequence Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn
Molecular Weight 3108.27 g/mol
Half-Life Approximately 2 hours, but immunomodulatory effects persist for days due to T-cell programming and cytokine cascade effects.
Available Sizes 3mg, 5mg
Storage Lyophilized: -20°C. Reconstituted: 2-8°C.

Key Research References

  • Garaci E. "Thymosin alpha1: from bench to bedside." Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007
  • Romani L, et al. "Thymosin alpha1: an endogenous regulator of inflammation, immunity, and tolerance." Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012

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