PACAP-38 is a pleiotropic neuropeptide discovered in 1989 that has emerged as one of the most potent endogenous neuroprotective factors. Its broad protective effects across nervous system, immune, and cardiovascular systems have generated intense research interest, while its role in migraine pathophysiology has opened a new avenue for headache therapeutics.
Dosage Information (Research Use)
Research: typically 0.1-1 nmol ICV or IV in animal studies. Intranasal delivery under investigation. Very short half-life limits peripheral administration. Research compound only.
Reconstitution & Handling
Reconstitute in sterile saline. Extremely short half-life — use immediately after preparation.
Half-Life & Pharmacokinetics
~2-5 minutes (very short)
Reported Observations in Literature
Vasodilation and flushing (potent vasodilator). May trigger migraine in susceptible individuals. Transient hypotension possible. Diarrhea from VPAC activation in gut.
Key Research References
- Miyata A et al. “Isolation of a neuropeptide corresponding to the N-terminal 38 residues of the precursor of PACAP.” Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990;170:643-8
- Schytz HW et al. “PACAP38 induces migraine-like attacks in patients with migraine without aura.” Brain. 2009;132:16-25